Which three movements comprise foot pronation?

Which three movements comprise foot pronation?

• A. Dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction
• B. Plantarflexion, inversion, and adduction
• C. Dorsiflexion, inversion, and adduction
• D. Plantarflexion, eversion, and abduction

Answer: (A)

Pronation of the foot is a tri-planar movement that combines eversion at the subtalar joint, forefoot abduction, and dorsiflexion at the ankle. This mix allows the arch to flatten and the foot to absorb shock during weight bearing and gait. The set that includes dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction best captures this pattern. Plantarflexion is the opposite of dorsiflexion, inversion is the opposite of eversion, and adduction is the opposite of abduction, so any option swapping these would not describe pronation.

Pronation of the foot is a tri-planar movement that combines eversion at the subtalar joint, forefoot abduction, and dorsiflexion at the ankle. This mix allows the arch to flatten and the foot to absorb shock during weight bearing and gait. The set that includes dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction best captures this pattern. Plantarflexion is the opposite of dorsiflexion, inversion is the opposite of eversion, and adduction is the opposite of abduction, so any option swapping these would not describe pronation.